WigoSend
Domain & Security
·8 min read

Demystifying SPF, DKIM, and DMARC for custom domains.

DO
David OchiengVerified Dispatch
Infrastructure & Deliverability Lead

If your sales proposals or customer order updates are disappearing into spam filters, your email authentication records are likely incomplete. Here is the definitive, plain-English engineering guide to configuring SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records correctly.

account.wigosend.com/console/domains/verify
LIVE SYSTEM SPEC
DNS Record Verification
Domain: acme-logistics.co.ke · Auto-checks every 2 mins
All Records Passing
TypeHostTarget / ValueState
MX@10 mx1.wigosend.comValid (100%)
TXT@v=spf1 include:_spf.wigosend.com ~allValid (100%)
TXTwg1._domainkeyv=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9...2048-bit Signed
TXT_dmarcv=DMARC1; p=quarantine; pct=100Enforced
Fig 1.1 — WigoSend DNS Health Inspector validating SPF TXT records, 2048-bit DKIM keys, and DMARC policies.

Why email deliverability got strict#

The SMTP protocol was designed in 1982 with zero built-in identity verification. Anyone could connect to an open mail server and claim to be `ceo@yourcompany.com`. Spammers and phishing networks abused this for decades.

Today, major mailbox providers—including Gmail, Microsoft Outlook, Apple Mail, and Yahoo—require strict domain authentication. Unauthenticated emails are rejected at the edge or funneled directly into the spam folder.

SPF: Who is authorized to send?#

Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is a TXT record in your DNS zone listing which IP addresses or servers are authorized to send mail on behalf of your domain.

Crucially, SPF only allows a maximum of 10 DNS lookups. If your SPF record contains too many `include:` directives, resolvers will fail the validation with a `PermError` and reject your mail.

spf-record.dns
dns
; Recommended SPF record format for WigoSend
@   3600   IN   TXT   "v=spf1 include:_spf.wigosend.com ~all"

DKIM: The cryptographic tamper seal#

DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) adds an asymmetric digital signature to every outgoing message header. The sending server holds the private key; the public key is published in your domain's DNS under a specific selector (e.g. `wg1._domainkey.yourdomain.com`).

When the receiving server accepts your email, it calculates a hash of the body and headers and verifies it against the published public key. If an intermediary tampered with the content or spoofed the sender, the signature breaks.

dkim-record.dns
dns
; 2048-bit DKIM Public Key Record
wg1._domainkey   3600   IN   TXT   "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA3..."

DMARC: The enforcement policy#

DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance) ties SPF and DKIM together. It instructs receiving mail servers what to do if an incoming message claims to come from your domain but fails SPF or DKIM alignment.

A standard rollout starts with `p=none` (monitoring only) to collect telemetry reports, followed by `p=quarantine` (deliver to spam folder), and finally `p=reject` (reject fraudulent mail completely).

Syntax cheatsheet and examples#

Here is the recommended production DMARC record to protect your brand identity while collecting daily diagnostic reports:

Automated verification in WigoSend

When you add a domain in the WigoSend console, our DNS checker automatically pings your nameservers every 120 seconds to confirm SPF, DKIM, and DMARC validity.

dmarc-record.dns
dns
; Production DMARC enforcement policy
_dmarc   3600   IN   TXT   "v=DMARC1; p=quarantine; rua=mailto:dmarc-reports@wigosend.com; pct=100; sp=quarantine"

Testing and automated validation#

Before sending bulk business communications, always send a test message to a deliverability checker. In the WigoSend dashboard, the Domain Health card provides one-click verification of all cryptographic records. Need configuration walkthroughs? Browse our DNS Setup Guides in the Help Center, set up domain authentication for WigoSend Mail, or follow our Migration Readiness Checklist before cutting over.

Tags:#DNS#SPF#DKIM#DMARC#Email Security#Deliverability
DO

Published by David Ochieng

Infrastructure & Deliverability Lead at WigoSend. Specializing in high-reliability email routing, data sovereignty, and communication infrastructure.

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